the main Hairstyles for women The topic of experience and mistakes in literature. Essay on experience and mistakes. Arguments from literature

The topic of experience and mistakes in literature. Essay on experience and mistakes. Arguments from literature

One cannot but agree with the statement of George Bernand Shaw: "The wisdom of people is measured not by their experience, but by their ability to experience." However, you must first understand the concept of "experience". In my opinion, experience is the totality of all mistakes made by a person, but only those mistakes that a person has accepted and with which he has come to terms. Only by accepting his mistake, and thoroughly analyzing it, a person gains life experience. By "ability to experience" Bernand Shaw means precisely the ability of a person to accept his mistakes, even in spite of their crushing effect and irreversibility. It is such a person who possesses wisdom.

In the work of Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" we can find confirmation of this. The protagonist of the novel, Yevgeny Bazarov, is a representative of a new generation, whose views are based on nihilism - the denial of everything. Eugene is proud and proud. He is a man of action. Bazarov tries to do his job in any setting, in any home. His path is the natural sciences, the study of nature and the verification of theoretical discoveries in practice. For a long time, Bazarov has lived by this principle. However, a meeting with Anna Odintsova completely changes the hero's life. Love, in whose existence he did not believe, came to him. Natural impulses of the heart deny the theoretical laws by which Bazarov tried to live. For a long time Eugene cannot accept his mistake and the fallacy of his theory. Only in the face of death does insight come to him. It is he who acquires an understanding of what is really important in life. Our hero accepted his mistake, but, unfortunately, too late. If Eugene had accepted her earlier, then perhaps his life would have sparkled with completely new colors and would not have ended so tragically.

Now let us recall the work of F.M. Dostoevsky's "Humiliated and Insulted". One of the main lines of the novel is the quarrel between Nikolai Ikhmenev and his daughter Natasha. Natasha, loving "like a madman," runs away from home with the son of an enemy of the family. The old man considers his daughter's act a betrayal and, taking it as a shame, curses his daughter. Natasha is deeply worried: she has lost everything that was valuable in her life: a good name, honor, love and family. Nikolai Ikhmenev is madly in love with his daughter, experiences severe mental anguish, but for a long time does not dare to take her back into the house. Nelly changed everything. The girl, illegally born, lost her mother in childhood, doomed to hate humanity, some of whose members have caused her so much pain, reunites the family. Thanks to her story about the relationship between her mother and grandfather, Nikolai Sergeevich realizes the sinfulness of his act and rushes at the feet of his daughter Natasha with a request to forgive him. Everything ends well. For a long time my father could not accept his mistake, but, nevertheless, he was able to do it.

Thus, we note that the mistakes we make often have a huge impact on life, but it is very important not to be afraid to accept this crushing defeat and move on through life with the acquired life experience. I will conclude my essay with the statement of Thomas Carlyle “Nothing teaches like the consciousness of your mistake. This is one of the main means of self-education. "

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Final essay. Thematic direction Experience and mistakes. Prepared by: Shevchuk A.P., teacher of Russian language and literature, MBOU "Secondary School No. 1", Bratsk

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Recommended reading: Jack London "Martin Eden", A.P. Chekhov "Ionych", M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don", Henry Marsh "Do No Harm" M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" "A Word about Igor's Regiment." A. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"; "Eugene Onegin". M. Lermontov "Masquerade"; "A Hero of Our Time" I. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"; "Spring Waters"; "Noble Nest". F. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"; Anna Karenina; "Resurrection". A. Chekhov "Gooseberry"; "About love". I. Bunin "The gentleman from San Francisco"; "Dark alleys". A. Kupin "Olesya"; "Garnet bracelet". M. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog"; "Fatal eggs". O. Wilde "Portrait of Dorian Gray". D. Keys "Flowers for Algernon". V.Kaverin "Two Captains"; "Painting"; "I'm going to the city." A. Aleksin "Mad Evdokia". B. Ekimov “Speak, Mom, Speak”. L. Ulitskaya "Kukotsky's Case"; "Sincerely yours Shurik."

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Official comment: Within the framework of the direction, it is possible to reason about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, about the cost of mistakes on the way of knowing the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

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Methodological recommendations: “Experience and mistakes” is a direction in which, to a lesser extent, a clear opposition of two polar concepts is implied, because without mistakes there is and cannot be experience. The literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, takes the path of spiritual and moral development. By assessing the actions of the characters, the reader acquires his invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make his own mistakes, the cost of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that a wrong decision, an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also have a most fatal effect on the fate of others. In literature, we also encounter such tragic mistakes that affect the fate of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic area.

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Aphorisms and statements of famous people:  You should not be shy for fear of making mistakes, the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience. Luc de Clapier Vauvenargue  You can make mistakes in different ways, you can act right in only one way, that's why the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, difficult to hit. Aristotle  In all matters we can only learn by trial and error, by falling into error and correcting. Karl Raimund Popper  He who thinks that he will not be mistaken if others will think for him is deeply mistaken. Aurelius Markov  We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us. François de La Rochefoucauld  Benefit from every mistake. Ludwig Wittgenstein  Shyness can be appropriate everywhere, just not in admitting one's mistakes. Gothold Ephraim Lessing  It is easier to find error than truth. Johann Wolfgang Goethe

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As a support in your reasoning, you can turn to the following works. F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing what he had done, does not fully realize the entire tragedy of the crime he committed, does not admit the erroneousness of his theory, he is only sorry that he could not transgress, that he cannot now classify himself as one of the elect. And only in hard labor, the soul-worn out hero not only repents (he repented, confessing to the murder), but takes the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero is Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).

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M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man", K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of such different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, they will not be able to fix anything. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, pushes his wife hugging him away, the hero is annoyed by her tears, he is angry, believing that she is "burying him alive", but it turns out the other way around: he returns, and the family perishes. This loss for him is a terrible grief, and now he blames himself for every little thing and with inexpressible pain says: "Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I will not forgive myself that I pushed her away!"

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The story of K.G. Paustovsky is a story about a lonely old age. The grandmother Katerina, abandoned by her own daughter, writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come even for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. " But Nastya reassures herself with the words: "Since the mother writes, it means she is alive." Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, the daughter forgets about her only loved one. And only after hearing warm words of gratitude “for taking care of the person,” the heroine recalls that she has a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon ". Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this have happened? After all, I have no one in my life. No and will not be dearer. If only to be in time, if only she saw me, if only she would forgive ”. The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the protagonists teaches the reader to be attentive to those close to him "before it's too late."

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M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". The hero of the novel, M.Yu. Lermontov. Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disillusioned with life. Pechorin himself says about himself: "Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him." Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find application for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist, because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the state of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a "suffering egoist" because Grigory Aleksandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries and does not bring him satisfaction.

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Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time he wants to teach others to confess to theirs, as, for example, he kept trying to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But the other side of Pechorin immediately manifests itself: after some attempts to defuse the situation in a duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself proposes to shoot at a dangerous place so that one of them perishes. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of the young Grushnitsky and his own life.

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After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin's mood has changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, in his soul there is a stone. The story of the disenchanted and dying Pechorin soul is set forth in the hero's diary entries with all the mercilessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the "magazine", Pechorin fearlessly speaks about his ideal impulses, and about the dark sides of his soul, and about the contradictions of consciousness. The hero realizes his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them, his own experience does not teach him anything. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers,” Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” the fate of others, thereby making himself unhappy ...

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L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If the hero of Lermontov, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then the experience gained helps Tolstoy's beloved heroes to become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can turn to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society for his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, wishes great personal glory. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. The harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince is disappointed in his dreams, realizes how bitterly he was wrong. Seriously wounded, while remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky is experiencing a mental breakdown. In these minutes, a new world opens before him, where there are no selfish thoughts, lies, but only the purest, highest, just.

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The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems to him petty and insignificant. Having gone through further events - the appearance of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that it remains for him to live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of a hero who not only admits his mistakes, but also strives to become better. Pierre also makes a number of mistakes. He leads a riotous life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but he understands that such a life is not for him, He cannot immediately assess people correctly and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed.

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These character traits are clearly manifested in the relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after the marriage, the hero realizes that he was deceived, and "recycles his own grief alone." After breaking up with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he "will find a rebirth for a new life," and again realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the "thunderstorm of 1812" lead the hero to drastic changes in his outlook. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.

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M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". Speaking about how the experience of military battles changes people, makes them assess their mistakes in life, one can turn to the image of Grigory Melekhov. Fighting on the side of the whites, then on the side of the reds, he understands what a terrible injustice around him, and he himself makes mistakes, gains military experience and draws the most important conclusions in his life: "... my hands need to be plowed." Home, family - that's the value. And any ideology that pushes people to kill is a mistake. A person who is already wise by life experience understands that the main thing in life is not war, but the son who meets at the door of the house. It is worth noting that the hero admits that he was wrong. This is what caused his repeated throwing from white to red.

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M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing some phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research”, then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky for “clarifying the question of the survival rate of the pituitary gland, and later on its effect on rejuvenation organism in humans ”can hardly be called successful in full. Scientifically, he is quite successful. Professor Preobrazhensky is performing a unique operation. The scientific result turned out to be unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life, it led to the most deplorable consequences.

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The type who appeared in the professor's house as a result of the operation, "small in stature and unsympathetic appearance", behaves defiantly, arrogantly and arrogantly. However, it should be noted that the emerging humanoid creature easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the whole house. After analyzing his mistake, the professor understands that the dog was much more "human" than P.P. Sharikov.

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Thus, we are convinced that the humanoid hybrid of Balls is more of a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: "An old donkey ... Here, doctor, what happens when a researcher, instead of walking in parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge." Philip Philipovich comes to the conclusion that violent interference in the nature of man and society leads to disastrous results. In the story "Heart of a Dog" the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov again turns into a dog. He is content with his fate and with himself. But in life, such experiments have a tragic effect on the fate of people, Bulgakov warns. Actions should be deliberate and not destructive. The main idea of the writer is that naked progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.

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V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera". Arguing about the mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but also to the people as a whole, one can turn to this story of the writer of the twentieth century. This is not just a work about the loss of a home, but also about how erroneous decisions entail disasters that will surely affect the life of society as a whole. The plot of the story is based on a real story. During the construction of a hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Resettlement has become a painful phenomenon for the inhabitants of the flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power plants are being built for a large number of people.

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This is an important economic project, for the sake of which it is necessary to rebuild, not to hold on to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Inhabitants of the flooded Matera move to a non-human-built village. The mismanagement with which huge money is spent hurts the soul of the writer. Fertile lands will be flooded, and in the village, built on the northern slope of the hill, nothing will grow on stones and clay. Rough interference with nature will certainly entail environmental problems. But for the writer, they are not so much important as the spiritual life of people. For Rasputin it is absolutely clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, people, country begins with the disintegration of the family.

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And this is due to the tragic mistake that progress is much more important than the souls of old people who say goodbye to their home. And there is no remorse in the hearts of youth. The older generation, sophisticated by life experience, does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because for these conveniences they are required to give to Matera, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is an experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, should not abandon his roots. In discussions on this topic, one can turn to history and those catastrophes that were entailed by the "economic" activity of man. Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is a tragic experience of previous generations for the edification of us, people of the XXI century.

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The writing. “Experience is the teacher of everything” (Guy Julius Caesar) As he grows up, a person learns, drawing knowledge from books, in school studies, in conversations and relationships with other people. In addition, the environment, the traditions of the family and the people as a whole have an important influence. While studying, the child receives a lot of theoretical knowledge, but the ability to apply it in practice is necessary in order to acquire a skill, gain personal experience. In other words, you can read the encyclopedia of life and know the answer to any question, but in reality, only personal experience, that is, practice, will help to learn how to live, and without this unique experience a person will not be able to live a bright, full-fledged, rich life. The authors of many works of fiction depict heroes in dynamics to show how each person becomes a person and traverses his own path.

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Let us turn to the novels by Anatoly Rybakov "Children of the Arbat", "Fear", "Thirty-fifth and other years", "Ashes and Ashes". The difficult fate of the main character Sasha Pankratov passes before the reader's eyes. At the beginning of the story, this is a sympathetic guy, an excellent student, a high school graduate and a freshman student. He is confident in his righteousness, in his tomorrow, in the party, his friends, he is an open person, ready to come to the aid of those in need. It is because of his sense of justice that he suffers. Sasha is sent into exile, and suddenly he turns out to be an enemy of the people, completely alone, far from home, convicted of a political article. Throughout the trilogy, the reader observes the formation of Sasha's personality. All his friends turn away from him, except for the girl Varya, who selflessly awaits him, helping his mother overcome the tragedy.

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In Victor Hugo's novel Les Miserables, the story of the girl Cosette is shown. Her mother was forced to give her baby to the family of the thenardier innkeeper. They treated someone else's child very badly. Cosette saw how the owners pampered and loved their own daughters, who were smartly dressed, played and played naughty all day. Like any child, Cosette also wanted to play, but she was forced to clean the tavern, go to the spring for water in the forest, and sweep the street. She was dressed in miserable rags and slept in a closet under the stairs. Bitter experience taught her not to cry, not to complain, but to silently follow the orders of Aunt Thenardier. When, by the will of fate, Jean Valjean snatched the girl from the Thenardier's clutches, she did not know how to play, did not know what to do with herself. The poor child was learning to laugh again, to play with dolls again, passing his days carefree. However, in the future, it was this bitter experience that helped Cosette become humble, with a pure heart and an open soul.

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Thus, our reasoning allows us to formulate the following conclusion. It is personal experience that teaches a person about life. Whatever this experience, bitter or blissful, it is our own, experienced, and the lessons of life teach us, forming a character and educating a personality.

Official comment:
Within the framework of the direction, it is possible to reason about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, about the cost of mistakes on the way of knowing the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

Guidelines:
“Experience and mistakes” is a direction in which, to a lesser extent, a clear opposition of two polar concepts is implied, because without mistakes there is and cannot be experience. The literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, takes the path of spiritual and moral development. By assessing the actions of the characters, the reader acquires his invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make his own mistakes, the cost of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that a wrong decision, an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also have a most fatal effect on the fate of others. In literature, we also encounter such tragic mistakes that affect the fate of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic area.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:
You should not be shy for fear of making mistakes, the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience.
Luc de Clapier Vovenargue
You can make mistakes in different ways, you can act right in only one way, that's why the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, difficult to hit.
Aristotle

Karl Raimund Popper
He is deeply mistaken who thinks that he will not be mistaken if others think for him.
Aurelius Markov
We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us.
Francois de La Rochefoucauld
Benefit from every mistake.
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Shyness can be appropriate everywhere, just not in admitting your mistakes.
Gothold Ephraim Lessing
It is easier to find the mistake than the truth.
Johann Wolfgang Goethe
In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves.
Karl Raimund Popper

As a support in your reasoning, you can turn to the following works.
F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"... Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing what he had done, does not fully realize the entire tragedy of the crime he committed, does not admit the erroneousness of his theory, he is only sorry that he could not transgress, that he cannot now classify himself as one of the elect. And only in hard labor, the soul-worn out hero not only repents (he repented, confessing to the murder), but takes the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero is Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).
M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man", K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of such different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, they will not be able to fix anything. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, pushes his wife hugging him away, the hero is annoyed by her tears, he is angry, believing that she is "burying him alive", but it turns out the other way around: he returns, and the family perishes. This loss for him is a terrible grief, and now he blames himself for every little thing and with inexpressible pain says: "Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I will not forgive myself that I pushed her away!" The story of K.G. Paustovsky is a story about a lonely old age. The grandmother Katerina, abandoned by her own daughter, writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come even for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. " But Nastya reassures herself with the words: "Since the mother writes, it means she is alive." Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, the daughter forgets about her only loved one. And only after hearing warm words of gratitude “for taking care of the person,” the heroine recalls that she has a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon ". Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this have happened? After all, I have no one in my life. No and will not be dearer. If only to be in time, if only she saw me, if only she would forgive ”. The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the protagonists teaches the reader to be attentive to those close to him "before it's too late."
M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". The hero of the novel, M.Yu. Lermontov. Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disillusioned with life.
Pechorin himself says about himself: "Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him." Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find application for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist, because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the state of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a "suffering egoist" because Grigory Aleksandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries and does not bring him satisfaction.
Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time he wants to teach others to confess to theirs, as, for example, he kept trying to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But the other side of Pechorin immediately manifests itself: after some attempts to defuse the situation in a duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself proposes to shoot at a dangerous place so that one of them perishes. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of the young Grushnitsky and his own life. After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin's mood has changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, in his soul there is a stone.
The story of the disenchanted and dying Pechorin soul is set forth in the hero's diary entries with all the mercilessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the "magazine", Pechorin fearlessly speaks about his ideal impulses, and about the dark sides of his soul, and about the contradictions of consciousness. The hero realizes his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them, his own experience does not teach him anything. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers,” Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” the fate of others, thereby making himself unhappy ...
L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If the hero of Lermontov, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then the experience gained helps Tolstoy's beloved heroes to become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can turn to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society for his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, wishes great personal glory. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. The harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince is disappointed in his dreams, realizes how bitterly he was wrong. Seriously wounded, while remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky is experiencing a mental breakdown. In these minutes, a new world opens before him, where there are no selfish thoughts, lies, but only the purest, highest, just. The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems to him petty and insignificant. Having survived further events - the appearance of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that it remains for him to live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of a hero who not only admits his mistakes, but also strives to become better. Pierre also makes a number of mistakes. He leads a riotous life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but he understands that such a life is not for him, He cannot immediately assess people correctly and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed. These character traits are clearly manifested in the relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after the marriage, the hero realizes that he was deceived, and "recycles his own grief alone." After breaking up with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he "will find a rebirth for a new life," and again realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the "thunderstorm of 1812" lead the hero to drastic changes in his outlook. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.
M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". Speaking about how the experience of military battles changes people, makes them assess their mistakes in life, one can turn to the image of Grigory Melekhov. Fighting now on the side of the whites, now on the side of the red, he realizes what a monstrous injustice around him, and he himself makes mistakes, gains military experience and draws the most important conclusions in his life: "... my hands need to be plowed." Home, family - that's the value. And any ideology that pushes people to kill is a mistake. A person who is already wise by life experience understands that the main thing in life is not war, but the son who meets at the door of the house. It is worth noting that the hero admits that he was wrong. This is what caused his repeated throwing from white to red.
M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing some phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research”, then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky for “clarifying the question of the survival rate of the pituitary gland, and later on its effect on rejuvenation organism in humans ”can hardly be called successful in full.
Scientifically, he is quite successful. Professor Preobrazhensky is performing a unique operation. The scientific result turned out to be unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life, it led to the most deplorable consequences. The type of "small stature and unsympathetic appearance" who appeared in the professor's house as a result of the operation, behaves defiantly, arrogantly and arrogantly. However, it should be noted that the emerging humanoid creature easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the whole house.
After analyzing his mistake, the professor understands that the dog was much more "human" than P.P. Sharikov. Thus, we are convinced that the humanoid hybrid of Balls is more a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: "An old donkey ... Here, doctor, what happens when a researcher, instead of walking in parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge." Philip Philipovich comes to the conclusion that violent interference in the nature of man and society leads to disastrous results.
In the story "Heart of a Dog" the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov turns into a dog again. He is content with his fate and with himself. But in life, such experiments have a tragic effect on the fate of people, Bulgakov warns. Actions should be deliberate and not destructive.
The main idea of the writer is that naked progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.
V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera". Arguing about the mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but also to the people as a whole, one can turn to this story of the writer of the twentieth century. This is not just a work about the loss of a home, but also about how erroneous decisions entail disasters that will surely affect the life of society as a whole.
The plot of the story is based on a real story. During the construction of a hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Resettlement has become a painful phenomenon for the inhabitants of the flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power plants are being built for a large number of people. This is an important economic project, for the sake of which it is necessary to rebuild, not to hold on to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Inhabitants of the flooded Matera move to a non-human-built village. The mismanagement with which huge money is spent hurts the soul of the writer. Fertile lands will be flooded, and in the village, built on the northern slope of the hill, nothing will grow on stones and clay. Rough interference with nature will certainly entail environmental problems. But for the writer, they are not so much important as the spiritual life of people.
For Rasputin it is absolutely clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, people, country begins with the disintegration of the family. And this is due to the tragic mistake that progress is much more important than the souls of old people who say goodbye to their home. And there is no remorse in the hearts of youth.
The older generation, sophisticated by life experience, does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because for these conveniences they are required to give to Matera, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is an experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, should not abandon his roots.
In discussions on this topic, one can turn to history and those catastrophes that were entailed by the "economic" activity of man.
Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is a tragic experience of previous generations for the edification of us, people of the XXI century.

Do I need to analyze my mistakes? In order to reveal the set topic, it is necessary to determine the definitions of the basic concepts. What is experience? And what are errors? Experience is the knowledge and skills that a person received in each of life situations. Errors - incorrectness in actions, deeds, statements, thoughts. These two concepts, which I cannot exist without each other, are tightly linked. The more experience, the less mistakes you make - this is a common truth. But you cannot gain experience without making mistakes - this is a harsh reality. Every person in his life stumbles, makes mistakes, does stupid things. We cannot do without this, it is the ups and downs that teach us to live. Only by making mistakes and learning from problematic life situations, we can develop. That is, it is possible and even necessary to be mistaken and go astray, but the main thing is to analyze mistakes and correct them.

Very often in fiction world literature, writers touch on the topic of mistakes and experience. For example, in the epic novel War and Peace, L.N. Tolstoy, one of the main characters, Pierre Bezukhov, spent all his time in the company of Kuragin and Dolokhov, leading an idle lifestyle, not burdened with worries, sorrows and thoughts. But, gradually realizing that panache and secular promenade are empty and aimless activities, he realizes that this is not for him. But he was too young and ignorant: to draw such conclusions, you need to rely on experience. The hero cannot immediately understand the people around him, and very often makes mistakes in them. This is clearly manifested in relations with Helen Kuragina. Later, he realizes that their marriage was a mistake, he was deceived by the "marble shoulders". Some time after the divorce, he joins the Masonic lodge and, apparently, finds himself. Bezukhov is engaged in social activities, meets interesting people, in a word, his personality acquires integrity. A beloved and devoted wife, healthy children, close friends, interesting work are the components of a happy and full life. Pierre Bezukhov is exactly the person who, through trial and error, finds his meaning of existence.

Another example can be found in the story "The Enchanted Wanderer" by NS. Leskov. The main character, Ivan Severyanich Flyagin, had to drink a bitter cup of trial and error. It all started with an accident in his youth: the mischief of a young postilion cost the life of an old monk. Ivan was born "the promised son" and from the very birth was destined to serve God. His life leads from one misfortune to another, from trial to trial, until his soul is cleansed and brings the hero to the monastery. For a long time he will die and will not die. Many he had to pay for his mistakes: love, freedom (he was a prisoner in the Kyrgyz-Kaisak steppes), health (he was recruited). But this bitter experience, better than any persuasion and demand, taught him that fate cannot be avoided. The calling of the hero from the very beginning was religion, but a young man with ambitions, hopes and passions could not consciously accept the dignity, which is required by the specifics of the church service. Faith in a priest must be unshakable, otherwise how can he help the parishioners find it? It was a careful analysis of his own mistakes that could lead him on the path of true service to God.

Now, on the eve of the December test, many teachers assign essays on a weekly basis. Of course, students use online resource materials to do their job better and to diversify their arguments. However, the abundance of absolutely identical essays literally flooded the worldwide network, so teachers increasingly notice written off works, although their sources are different. In order not to lose points, use the fresh selection of non-standard arguments on the topic "Experience and mistakes", which today, November 28, prepared for you by experts.

Fourth argument. In "The Lay of Igor's Regiment," the princes Igor and Vsevolod attacked the Polovtsians without warning their brother Svyatoslav of Kiev, who had a stronger army and could have helped them. Prior to this campaign, Igor more than once went against the insidious nomads, but his military experience suggested nothing to him. He only gave him arrogance. Noticing on the way a bad omen (eclipse of the sun), the prince did not pay attention to it. This happened because easy victories created in him the illusion of invincibility. The Polovtsi caught him, Vsevolod and the squad by surprise, knowing well the Russian tradition of vigorously celebrating success. It is obvious that experience can mislead a person about the real state of affairs. Always lucky, he says, and will take risks, but next time it will be different, and the risk will be a fatal mistake. Unfortunately, such fake experience can be very expensive. The princes, for example, doomed a faithful squad to death.