home Women's hairstyles Composition on the topic: The meaning of the title of Leskov's story “The Enchanted Wanderer. The meaning of the title of the work “The Enchanted Wanderer”

Composition on the topic: The meaning of the title of Leskov's story “The Enchanted Wanderer. The meaning of the title of the work “The Enchanted Wanderer”

It is precisely because its protagonist, "Black Earth Telemak", Ivan Severyanych Flyagin, overcomes a long and difficult path of becoming a person, searching for truth and truth, support in life. This black-earth bogatyr, reminiscent of the legendary Ilya Muromets, a connoisseur of horses, a “non-lethal” adventurer, becomes a black-earth monk only after a thousand adventures, when he had “nowhere to go”. The story-confession of the hero about these wanderings is filled with special meaning. The starting point of these wanderings is the fortress, courtyard position of the hero. Leskov draws here the bitter truth of serf relations. Flyagin, at the cost of immeasurable selflessness, saved the life of his master, but he can be mercilessly flogged and sent to work that is humiliating for him (to pave the path to the master's house) only because he did not please the master's cat. (Here the theme of offended human dignity arises.)

The meaning of the name is not always obvious in a literary work. After reading Leskov’s story, at first I didn’t understand what exactly the writer wanted to say with the words “enchanted” and “wanderer”? The original title of the story “The Enchanted Wanderer” is “Black Earth Telemak”. Why did the new seem to Leskov more capacious and precise? I tried to figure it out.

The meaning of the word “wanderer” is clear at first glance: it is used in its direct meaning, that is, it denotes a person who traveled a lot, wandered in his life, who saw a lot, learned about the world. However, on reflection, I realized that it is not so simple. Flyagin is a person who wanders not only in the outer world, but also in the inner one, exploring the secret corners of his soul and the souls of other people. The whole life of a person is a great journey from beginning to end, from birth to death. The author leads his hero from event to event and brings him "to the last pier of life - to the monastery." It seems to me that the word "wanderer" in the title of the work contains both meanings.

The word "enchanted" also has a wide meaning. Its meaning is related to the verb "bewitched". The hero of the story responds to beauty, appreciates it, can describe it, whether it is the beauty of an animal or a woman. He is fascinated by the beauty of his native nature, the beauty of the horse Dido, the beauty of the young gypsy Pear. Flyagin's life was very difficult, there was a lot of grief and difficulties in it, but he is fascinated by life itself, he notices something good in everything.

The adjective "enchanted" can also be associated with the words "bewitched", "numbness". Indeed, the protagonist performs unconscious acts (killing a monk, saving a count, stealing horses, etc.) Finally, “enchanted” can be compared with the word “charm”. The main character believed that fate, fate, parental destiny were the reasons for everything that happened to him: “... I did a lot of things not even by my own will ...” But the whole point of Flyagin’s wanderings is that the hero nevertheless acquires these moral standards. And for the writer, it is especially important how he acquires them.

So, in the Tatar captivity (where Flyagin ended up due to his own stupidity and recklessness), the still unconscious love for the Motherland, for faith, for freedom is born in the soul of the hero. In mirages and visions, images of Orthodox churches with gilded domes, with a lingering bell ringing, appear before Ivan Severyanych. And the desire to escape from captivity at all costs takes possession of him. Again, a chance helps the hero to free himself from a hated ten-year captivity: firecrackers and crackers left by accidentally visiting missionaries save his life and give him a long-awaited release.

The culmination of the wanderer's spiritual drama is his meeting with the gypsy Grusha. In another person, in love and respect, the wanderer found the first threads of connection with the world, found in high passion, completely free from egoistic exclusivity, and his personality, the high value of his own human individuality. From here - a direct path to another love, to love for the people, for the Motherland, wider and more comprehensive. After the death of Grusha, the terrible sin of murder, Flyagin understands all the sinfulness of his existence and seeks to atone for his guilt before himself and before God. Again, chance or providence helps him in this: he goes to the Caucasian war instead of the son of two old men who saved him, under the name of Peter Serdyukov. In the war, Flyagin accomplishes a feat - he establishes a crossing across the river, and it seems to him at the moment when he swims across the river under a hail of enemy bullets that the invisible and invisible soul of Pear has spread its wings, protecting him. In the war, the hero rose to the rank of nobility. But such an “increase” in status brings him only trouble: he cannot find a job, a position that would feed him. And again wandering: work as a petty official, service in the theater. The “non-lethal” Ivan Flyagin endured a lot before he ended up in a monastery. And then the soul of Ivan Flyagin was finally revealed: at last he understood his destiny, at last he found peace and the meaning of life. And this meaning is simple: it is in selfless service to people, in true faith, in love for the Motherland. At the very end of the story, the listeners ask Flyagin why he does not want to take the senior tonsure. To which he readily replies: “I really want to die for my homeland.” And if a hard time comes, a war begins, then Flyagin will take off his cassock and put on an “amunichka”.

This means that “going through the throes” fell into the rank of the tragedy of finding roads for the service of Russia. And Flyagin, unaware of this, became the initiator of lofty moral human traits.

Leskov's work "The Enchanted Wanderer" is studied in the 10th grade at literature lessons. It is quite difficult for perception and understanding at school age, the problems of righteousness and faith are not so relevant for adolescence. For a deep understanding and comprehensive analysis of the work, preparation for the exam will require specific knowledge. We invite you to familiarize yourself with our version of the analysis of the “Enchanted Wanderer” according to the plan.

Brief analysis

Year of writing- 1872-1873, first published in the Russkiy Mir newspaper in the same year.

History of creation- the creation of the author's work was prompted by a journey along Lake Ladoga, the amazing nature of those places, the wonderful lands where the monks spend their lives.

Topic- righteousness, the search for one's destiny, faith and patriotism.

Composition– 20 chapters, interconnected by the presence of the main character, the author does not adhere to chronology, the structural components are autonomous.

genre- story. The work has pronounced features of ancient Russian hagiographic texts, adventures and epics.

Direction- romanticism.

History of creation

In The Enchanted Wanderer, the analysis would not be complete without some background writing. The idea of writing a story about a Russian warrior-wanderer, homeless and morally whole, came to Leskov while traveling on Lake Ladoga. It is these places that the monks choose for their earthly shelter, there is a special atmosphere and nature here.

Taking up work in 1872, Nikolai Semyonovich Leskov completed the book in a year. In 1873, he took the manuscript to the editors of the Russkiy vestnik, but the editor-in-chief considered it unfinished and refused to print it. Then the writer changed the title of the work from "Black Earth Telemachus" to "The Enchanted Wanderer" and handed over the book to the editors of the "Russian World", where it was published in the same year.

Leskov dedicated the story to S. E. Kushelev (a general who participated in the war in the Caucasus), and the author himself read the book for the first time at his home. The meaning of the name lies in the amazing ability of the protagonist to contemplate the environment and admire, be fascinated by it, and the role of a wanderer, a man without a home and family is destined for the character. A peculiar legend about moral strength and Russian character came out from the pen of Leskov. As the author himself noted, the story was created “in one breath”, easily and quickly.

Topic

The story touches on many burning topics, it describes the time period of the 1820-30s. When originally published, the work was called “The Enchanted Wanderer. His life, experiences, opinions and adventures. It is these milestones that are touched upon in the work, which is included in the cycle of legends about the Russian righteous. It is noteworthy that the image of the protagonist is fictional, but very lively and believable.

Author designates issues even at the beginning of the story: this is a story about righteousness and Orthodoxy. The righteous, according to the author, is not the one who does not commit sins, but the one who realizes the need to repent and realize his mistakes. The path of the righteous is a life filled with trials and errors, without which human existence is impossible.

The theme of nostalgia permeates the entire narrative: the hero painfully misses his homeland in captivity, prays and cries at night. He does not have paternal feelings for his unbaptized children born from wives in Tatar captivity. Flyagin "finds himself" in the war in the Caucasus, he turns out to be a fearless soldier, not afraid of death, and luck favors him. Love Theme touched upon by the author in several chapters, the main character does not experience true pure love, his experience of communicating with women is sad - fate disposes in such a way that Flyagin is not destined to be a father and husband. The main idea of the story is that sooner or later a person finds his destiny, his whole life is a movement in this direction.

Composition

"The Enchanted Wanderer" consists of twenty chapters, which are brought together according to the principle of memories and associations of the main character - the narrator. There is some semblance of a “story within a story”, when in the first chapter the monk Ishmael sails on a steamer and talks about his life at the request of passengers. From time to time, he answers questions from the audience, which allows the author to introduce his point of view and emphasize the most important points of the story.

The climax of the work can be considered the spiritual rebirth of the hero, his coming to God, the gift of prophecy and testing of dark forces. The denouement is yet to come to the hero, he is going to fight for the Russian people, wanting to give his life, if necessary, for his faith, for his homeland. A feature of the composition can also be considered the fact that the narrator uses different vocabulary when conveying a certain story (Tatars, life with the prince, love for the gypsy Grusha).

main characters

genre

Traditionally, it is customary to designate the genre of The Enchanted Wanderer as a story. In the first publications it was indicated - a story. However, the genre originality of the work goes far beyond a simple narrative.

Researchers of Leskov's work, critics find that the work combines the features of life and the features of an adventure novel that were popular in the 19th century. The story is connected with the genre of life by a structure and a special semantic load: wanderings, ups and downs, the search for peace of mind, suffering, “walking” and patient bearing of one’s burden. The spiritual growth of the hero, his dreams, mystical moments and much more are signs of the hagiographic genre. Old Russian lives of saints are built on the principle of combining several independent stories from different periods of a person’s life, and the chronological sequence in this genre is far from always observed.

The work has in common with the adventure novel genre the meaning of the literary text: a dynamic narrative with a change of various activities: the main character is a groom, a nanny, a doctor, a prisoner, a participant in military battles in the Caucasus, a circus worker, a monk. An amazing richness of events for the life of one simple person. In its internal and external image, the main character resembles the character of Russian epics - the hero.

Artwork test

Analysis Rating

Average rating: 4.6. Total ratings received: 960.

The meaning of the title of the novel by Nikolai Leskov 8220 The Enchanted Wanderer 8221

The key problem in the work of N. S. Leskov is the problem of the individual, getting rid of the fetters of class. This issue is historically fused with those social trends that happened in Russia after the abolition of serfdom. Particularly significant for comprehending the meaning and course of this task is the story "The Enchanted Wanderer", which is included in the cycle of works about the righteous of the Russian land. A. M. Gorky said: “Leskov is a writer who discovered the righteous in every estate, in all groups.” The story “The Enchanted Wanderer” is fascinating precisely because its main character, the “Black Earth Telemak”, Ivan Severyanych Flyagin, overcomes a long and difficult path of becoming a person, searching for truth and truth, support in life. This black-earth bogatyr, reminiscent of the legendary Ilya Muromets, a connoisseur of horses, a “non-lethal” adventurer, becomes a black-earth monk only after a thousand adventures, when he had “nowhere to go”. The story-confession of the hero about these wanderings is filled with special meaning. The starting point of these wanderings is the fortress, courtyard position of the hero. Leskov draws here the bitter truth of serf relations. Flyagin, at the cost of immeasurable selflessness, saved the life of his master, but he can be mercilessly flogged and sent to work that is humiliating for him (to pave the path to the master's house) only because he did not please the master's cat. (Here the theme of offended human dignity arises.)

The meaning of the title of the novel by Nikolai Leskov 8220 The Enchanted Wanderer 8221